Posted April 15, 2024
As we age, some people get something commonly known as "the hump.” This is when a person has an abnormal outward curve of the upper back, rounded shoulders and a stooped posture. Known as Dowager's hump or kyphosis, the condition is directly related to osteoporosis or thin, brittle bones.
Approximately 8 million females and 2 million males have osteoporosis in the U.S. Another 44 million Americans have osteopenia. Individuals with these conditions have increased risk of fracture, including in the hip and spine. Therefore, the hump is caused by significant bone loss resulting in anterior compression of the vertebrae.
Risk factors include family history, menopause, smoking, poor nutrition, estrogen deficiency, long-term low calcium intake, inadequate physical activity and a history of falls. Medical conditions such as diabetes, stroke, multiple sclerosis (MS) and others are associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis. Even certain medications like steroids, cytotoxic chemotherapeutics and anticonvulsants may increase the risk.
Prevention is the key. However, screening strategies and medications are available. All females aged 65 years and older and males 70 years and older should be tested for bone mineral density. Additionally, individuals should consume 1200mg of calcium and 800IU (international units) of vitamin D. Ideally, this should be done through diet and supplements should be used only when dietary sources are not adequate. Regular weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercise, smoking cessation and moderation of alcohol also are important.
Advances in knowledge about the genetic basis of osteoporosis will improve the understanding of this disease. Researchers are exploring new genetic markers to assess fracture risk and in identifying genes and proteins that form molecular targets for the design of the next generation of drug treatments.
Start preventing osteoporosis now. Pay attention to your lifestyle and ask your healthcare provider about being screened.
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